Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a small bowl, mix cream cheese, powdered sugar, and vanilla until smooth. Set aside.
In a large bowl, beat butter, granulated sugar, and brown sugar until fluffy.
Add eggs one at a time, then stir in vanilla extract.
In a separate bowl, whisk flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt.
Gradually add dry ingredients to wet ingredients and mix until combined.
In a saucepan, cook strawberries, sugar, and cornstarch over medium heat until slightly thickened (about 5 minutes). Let cool.
Roll cookie dough into 1-inch balls and place on prepared sheets.
Flatten slightly and press a small well into each center.
Spoon 1 teaspoon of cheesecake filling and 1 teaspoon of strawberry topping into each well.
Sprinkle with sugar and bake for 12–15 minutes until golden at the edges.
Cool on the sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack.